Ransomware

Understanding Ransomware

Ransomware is a type of malicious software utilized by hackers to steal or encrypt files owned by their victims. The hackers then request a ransom in return for decrypting or restoring the files. The ransom amount can vary greatly, ranging from a few dollars to millions, and is typically paid using digital currencies. The specific amount demanded often depends on the target of the attack.

Ransomware can infiltrate devices and systems through various methods, but one of the most prevalent techniques is through phishing schemes. Hackers send emails to potential victims, disguising them as trustworthy files. These emails frequently contain infected links, PDFs, or other attachments. Once the victim interacts with these malicious elements, the ransomware quickly takes control of their device. The attacker then threatens to destroy, leak, or sell the stolen data if the ransom is not paid within a specific timeframe.

There are three primary categories of ransomware: scareware, screen lockers, and encrypting ransomware.

Scareware typically appears as pop-up messages claiming to have detected malware on the victim’s device. The messages state that the only way to remove the malware is by paying a specified amount of money.

Screen lockers are designed to lock users out of their devices. When the victim starts up their device, they are greeted with a message from a law enforcement agency, such as the FBI or Department of Justice, stating that illegal activities have been detected. The message demands the payment of a fine to regain access to the device.

Encryption ransomware is employed by hackers to encrypt a user’s files, rendering them inaccessible. The hackers then demand a ransom payment in exchange for decrypting the files. It is important to note that no security software or tool can decrypt an encrypted file or system.

Bitcoin is the most commonly requested form of ransom payment by ransomware hackers.