Parity's mission is to enable businesses and organisations to capitalise on blockchain technology and benefit from the new opportunities it presents.

Ethereum is a platform and a programming language that makes it possible for any developer to build and publish next-generation distributed applications.  Ethereum can be used to codify, decentralize, secure and trade just about anything: voting, domain names, financial exchanges, crowdfunding, company governance, contracts and agreements of mostkind, intellectual property, and even smart property thanks to hardware integration. Ethereum borrows the concept of decentralized consensus that makes bitcoin so resilient, yet makes it trivial to build on its foundation.

Ethereum Foundation

Polkadot (DOT) is a cryptocurrency . Polkadot has a current supply of 1,103,303,471.382273 with 987,579,314.957085 in circulation. The last known price of Polkadot is 18.64438788 USD and is down -2.51 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 314 active market(s) with $1,586,012,365.44 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at https://polkadot.network/.

Polkadot

Digital Currency Group builds and support bitcoin and blockchain companies by leveraging insights, network, and access to capital. Based in New York City, DCG has been an active seed investor in the digital currency industry with 150+ investments in over 30 countries. In addition, DCG owns and operates CoinDesk, the top media and events platformin the blockchain space, Genesis Trading, the industry's leading bitcoin brokerage firm, and Grayscale Investments, the largest digital currency asset management firm.

Digital Currency Group

Fenbushi Capital is the first and most active blockchain-focused venture capital firm in Asia. Founded in Shanghai in 2015 by veterans across both blockchain and traditional financial industries, it has to date supported over 60 leading projects across 4 continents leveraging blockchain technology to reshape myriad industries such as finance,healthcare, supply chain, and consumer goods. Fenbushi’s mission is to drive healthy and sustainable growth in the global blockchain ecosystem, and actively works as a long-term strategic partner to its portfolio projects.

Fenbushi Capital

Kenetic is a proprietary trading and VC investment firm focused on digital assets and blockchain related companies. They have developed technology to facilitate their quantitative trading strategies and offer various digital asset related structured products to counterparts.

Kenetic

Blockchain Capital was founded in 2013 with the mission of helping entrepreneurs build world-class companies and projects based on blockchain technology. The firm provides founders with capital, domain expertise, partnerships, recruiting, and strategy. Blockchain Capital is an active venture investor in the blockchain industry and has financed 75+companies and projects since its inception. Blockchain Capital invests in both equity and tokens and is a multi-stage investor.

Blockchain Capital

<div>
 <p>
 </p>
 <p>
  You can now also buy cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin and Ethereum directly by credit card in the fiat currency of your choice. To find out how,
  <a href="#">
   read more here
  </a>
  <span style="text-decoration:underline;:">
   .
  </span>
 </p>
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description

<h2 id="who-are-the-founders-of-polkadot"><strong>Founders of Polkadot?</strong></h2>
<p>Polkadot is the flagship protocol of Web3 Foundation, a Swiss Foundation with a mission to facilitate an open-source, fully functional and user-friendly decentralized web.</p>
<p>Polkadot&rsquo;s founders are Dr. Gavin Wood, Robert Habermeier and Peter Czaban.</p>
<p>Wood, Web3 Foundation&rsquo;s president, is the most well-known of the trio thanks to his industry influence as Ethereum co-founder, Parity Technologies founder and the creator of the smart contract coding language Solidity. Wood is also credited with coining the term Web3.</p>
<p>Habermeier is a Thiel Fellow and accomplished blockchain and cryptography researcher and developer. Czaban is the former Technology Director at Web3 Foundation, with a wealth of experience across highly specialized fintech industries.</p>

Market and Community

<div class="MuiBox-root jss9743">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9748"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss9121 MuiDivider-light jss9122" /><span style="font-size: 14pt;"><strong>History</strong></span></div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9749 jss9746">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph"><strong>Polkadot origins</strong></p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Polkadot is the brainchild of Dr. Gavin Wood, who is one of the co-founders of Ethereum and the inventor of the Solidity smart contract language. Dr. Wood started working on his <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://medium.com/on-the-origin-of-smart-contract-platforms/on-the-origin-of-polkadot-c7750e2fc5ff" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">idea</a> to &ldquo;design a sharded version of Ethereum&rdquo; in mid-2016 and released the first draft of the <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://polkadot.network/PolkaDotPaper.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Polkadot white paper</a> in Oct. 2016.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">In 2017, Dr. Wood and Parity&rsquo;s Peter Czaban founded the Web3 Foundation, a non-profit entity established to support the research and development of Polkadot as well as to oversee its fundraising efforts. The Switzerland-based Web3 Foundation hosted Polkadot&rsquo;s first token sale in Oct. 2017, using a <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://polkadot.network/Polkadot-lightpaper.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Spend-All Second Price Dutch Auction</a> to distribute the funds. The sale raised $145 million in just under two weeks, selling 50% of the initial 10 million DOT (old) supply, and the Web3 Foundation chose Parity Technologies to develop Polkadot.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Parity Technologies was founded by Dr. Wood and Jutta Steiner and is known for maintaining the Parity Ethereum client in addition to Substrate, which serves as the development framework for Polkadot.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph"><strong>Parity Wallet hack and subsequent fundraising efforts</strong></p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Ten days after the token sale ended (Nov. 6, 2017), someone permanently <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://www.parity.io/a-postmortem-on-the-parity-multi-sig-library-self-destruct/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">froze</a> the funds in the Parity multisig contract (the <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://www.parity.io/the-multi-sig-hack-a-postmortem/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">second such incident</a> in a matter of months) compromising a little over $90 million worth of ETH equaling around 66% of Polkadot&rsquo;s token sale proceeds. Polkadot, along with Parity, has petitioned the Ethereum community to consider finding a way to return to the funds, but the situation remains unresolved. Despite the lost funds, Polkadot and Web3 Foundation <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://medium.com/web3foundation/an-update-on-the-web3-foundation-d905128f15a9" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">reported</a> the project still had enough funds to meet its development milestones.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">The Web3 Foundation reportedly raised more capital to replenish the lost funds in a 2019 private token sale. In the sale, Polkadot sought to sell 500,000 DOT (old) tokens at a $1.2 billion valuation, pricing the tokens at $120 apiece. Although the foundation did not disclose any details related to the raise, it was reported that the sale closed in June 2019 at a &ldquo;successful&rdquo; valuation.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph"><strong>Polkadot technical developments and mainnet rollout</strong></p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">On the technical front, Polkadot started rolling out various proofs-of-concept (PoCs) in May 2018 to test its base relay chain, the relay chain&rsquo;s support for parachains, and its finality agent (dubbed <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://medium.com/polkadot-network/grandpa-block-finality-in-polkadot-an-introduction-part-1-d08a24a021b5" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">GRANDPA</a>). PoC 3, released in Jan. 2019, also introduced the Alexander testnet, Polkadot&rsquo;s first test network. But the project&rsquo;s first significant release came in Aug. 2019 with the public launch of Kusama. Kusama is an early, unaudited, and unrefined release of Polkadot, designed to serve as a "canary" network for Polkadot to test governance, staking, and sharding under real economic conditions. Polkadot also dedicated 1% of the initial DOT supply to Kusama stakeholders in order to encourage participation.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Polkadot adopted a staged rollout strategy for its mainnet launch. Polkadot's first mainnet chain candidate, Phase 1, launched on $2. It marked the initial step in a multi-stage rollout process detailed in the project's mainnet launch roadmap. This early version of Polkadot operated as Proof-of-Authority (PoA) network managed by six validators belonging to the Web3 Foundation. Eventually, the network transitioned to its proposed Nominated Proof-of-Stake (PoS) system on Jun. 18, 2020 (Phase 2), which enabled DOT owners to claim validators slots and unlocked staking rewards. Phases 3 and 4 in late Jul. 2020 introduced Polkadot's governance functionality and handing control of the protocol over to the community, respectively. The final phase plans to unlock DOT token transfers on Aug. 18, 2020.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9745 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">The Web3 Foundation continues to use the proceeds from DOT sales to fund ecosystem initiatives and back projects building on Polkadot (see: the $2). The foundation is governed by the <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://web3.foundation/about/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Foundation Council</a>, a governing body consisting of Dr. Gavin Wood (President and Founder), Dr. Aeron Buchanan (Vice President), and Reto Trinkler.</p>
<strong>Read more:</strong> <a href="https://coincu.com/currencies/dot-polkadot-new/">CLICK HERE</a></div>
</div>

All about

<h2 class="MuiBox-root jss9742"><strong>Token Usage</strong></h2>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9743"><strong>Key Info</strong>
<div class="jss9846">Token Type: Native. Token Uses: Payments, Vote</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9848"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss9121 MuiDivider-light jss9122" /></div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9852 jss9851">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">The DOT token is Polkadot&rsquo;s native token. It serves four functions: payment for fees, governance over the network, interoperability, and bonding. When messages are sent between two blockchains on the network, DOT's are used to pay for fees. DOT holders are also responsible for managing significant events by voting on protocol upgrades and fixes. The token also ensures that network participants act in a manner that does not damage the network by giving them skin in the game. In order to create new parachains, tokens must be bonded ensuring incentive alignment.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph"><strong>How to stake DOTs</strong></p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">While validators on Polkadot need to <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/en/learn-staking" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">maintain the (often expensive) hardware</a> necessary to secure the network, anyone can assume the role of a nominator by bonding their DOTs to a dedicated validator. Bonding tokens helps increase the network&rsquo;s cost of attack and allows DOT holders to earn newly minted tokens as staking rewards. Polkadot is targeting about a <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/en/learn-staking" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">75% stake rate</a>, which at a 10% inflation rate in the network&rsquo;s inaugural year, would provide an annual staking return of~20%. Bonded tokens will remain locked for twelve weeks and are subject to slashing (loss of funds) should the chosen validator go offline or <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/en/learn-staking" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">misbehave</a>.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph"><strong>Polkadot Wallet</strong></p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">There are <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://forum.web3.foundation/t/teams-building-on-polkadot/67" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">multiple teams</a> working on Polkadot wallet implementations prior to network launch. Most notably, blockchain.com <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://medium.com/blockchain/expanding-our-network-partnering-with-polkadot-to-empower-user-governance-and-interoperability-50b33fa8d1d7" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">announced</a> that it will integrate DOT tokens into its wallet allowing users to store, send and receive tokens as well as participate in governance by voting on proposals.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="MuiBox-root jss9742"><strong>Launch &amp; Initial Token Distribution</strong></h2>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9743">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9853 jss9851">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">In Oct. 2017, the Web 3.0 Foundation raised the equivalent of $145 million in ether (ETH) through a token sale. The sale was split between a private sale, which raised over $80 million, and a public sale, which raised the remainder. Participants were required to use a KYC system called PICOPS, which verifies the identity of each participant. Participants that were unable to verify themselves were deemed ineligible. The sale was also not available to any Chinese or American citizens due to regulatory concerns.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">At the start of the network, a total of 10 million DOT (old) will be created as a native token. The initial supply was later redenominated by a community vote, a cosmetic change that increased token account balances by 100x. The following allocations are the same for both DOT (old) and new DOT:</p>
<ul>
<li>50% allocated to token sale investors</li>
<li>5% allocated to the 2019 private sale investors</li>
<li>3.4% allocated to 2020 token sale investors</li>
<li>11.6% retained by the Foundation for future fundraising efforts</li>
<li>30% allocated to the Web 3 Foundation for immediate use to develop the Polkadot network and other undisclosed Foundation activities.</li>
</ul>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">The total supply is not fixed at 1 billion but instead will use a to be determined inflationary model to supply the rewards for the proof-of-stake ($2) system.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">On Nov. 6, 2017, a vulnerability was exploited in the Parity multi-sig wallet containing over 500,000 ETH, including $98 million of the $140 million+ in ETH raised through the Polkadot ICO. These funds are currently frozen, and a debate among the Ethereum community will determine whether these funds can or will ever be recovered. Even if the funds are lost, the Parity team does not believe this will impact their development roadmap.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss9850 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">In Jun. 2019, The Web3 Foundation announced it sold another 500,000 DOT (old) tokens (now 50 million new DOT) to an undisclosed group of private investors. Based on previous reports from Polkadot, the project was seeking to raise $60 million at a $1.2 billion valuation through this token sale. The Jun. 2019 announcement declared the raise successful, implying the Polkadot reached its target.</p>
</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9854"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss9121 MuiDivider-light jss9122" /></div>
<strong>Funding Rounds</strong>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9855">
<div class="jss9860">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss9861">
<ul>
<li class="MuiBox-root jss9862">10/14/2017 - 10/27/2017: <strong>Dutch Auction (Initial Coin Offering)</strong>: $80.00M Private:&nbsp; 2.76M DOT Allocated $28.8 per DOT Due to the recent redenomination, the supply sold in this private auction is now equal to 275,862,100 New DOT, which would make the original sale price $0.29 per token.</li>
<li class="MuiBox-root jss9862">10/15/2017 - 10/27/2017: <strong>Dutch Auction (Initial Coin Offering)</strong> $65.00M Public:&nbsp; 2.24M DOT Allocated $28.8 per DOT Due to the recent redenomination, the supply sold in this public auction is now equal to 224,137,900 New DOT, which would make the original sale price $0.29 per token.</li>
<li class="MuiBox-root jss9862">01/24/2019 - 06/27/2019: <strong>SAFT</strong> $60.00M Private:&nbsp; 0.50M DOT Allocated $120 per DOT In Jan. 2019, the Wall Street Journal reported Polkadot, under the management of the Web3 Foundation, was seeking to raise another $60 million by privately selling up to 500,000 DOT (old), which would place a fully-diluted market value on outstanding DOTs of $1.2 billion. Considering the DOT (old) initial supply of 10 million, Polkadot hoped to set the price for each token at $120, a substantial increase from the sub-$30 price tag for DOTs in Polkadot's 2017 ICO. Reports covering this tokens sale depict a convolution process. In particular, CoinDesk relayed in June that the raise hit a snag when three Chinese funds agreed to purchase $15 million worth of DOTs but only at a discount. Despite any po

Technical Data

<p>Polkadot is a sharded multichain network, meaning it can process many transactions on several chains in parallel (&ldquo;parachains&rdquo;). This parallel processing power improves scalability.</p>
<p>Custom blockchains are quick and easy to develop using the Substrate framework and Substrate blockchains are designed to be easy to connect to Polkadot's network. The network is also highly flexible and adaptive, allowing the sharing of information and functionality between participants. Polkadot can be automatically upgraded without the need for a fork in order to implement new features or remove bugs.</p>
<p>The network has a highly sophisticated user-driven governance system where all token holders have a vote in how the network is run. Teams can customize their own blockchain governance on Polkadot based on their needs and evolving conditions. Nominators, validators, and collators all fulfil various duties to help secure and maintain the network and eradicate bad behaviour.</p>
<p>At the end of 2021, Polkadot successfully concluded its first&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/alexandria/article/polkadot-parachain-auctions-go-live">Parachain auctions</a>. The Parachain auctions followed an un-permission candle auction system. The winning bid is the highest bid at the random moment the auction ends.</p>
<p>Polkadot assigned the first five slots to the following auction winners:&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/acala/">Acala</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/moonbeam/">Moonbeam</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/astar/">Astar</a>,&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/parallel-finance/">Parallel</a>&nbsp;and&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/clover/">Clover</a>. These projects will have their parachain slots locked in for 96 weeks, guaranteed by the DOT bidders committed as collateral. As customary on Polkadot, all projects had previously been battle-tested on its de-facto testnet&nbsp;<a href="https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/kusama/">Kusama</a>.</p>

Verdict

Kusama (KSM) is a cryptocurrency launched in 2019. Kusama has a current supply of 9,651,217.45126206 with 8,470,098.05726206 in circulation. The last known price of Kusama is 137.0627937 USD and is up 3.54 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 120 active market(s) with $98,500,660.74 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at https://kusama.network/.

Kusama

<h2 class="MuiBox-root jss11687"><strong>Token Usage</strong></h2>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11688"><strong>Key Info</strong>
<div class="jss11742">Token Type: Native. Token Uses: Payments, Vote</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11744"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss11395 MuiDivider-light jss11396" /></div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11745 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">KSM holders can use their tokens as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Bond to the network to validate transactions or launch a parachain</li>
<li>Pay for transaction and messaging fees</li>
<li>Vote on governance proposals or nominate validators into the capped validator set</li>
</ul>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">DOTs investors from previous token sales were able to claim a proportionate amount of KSM at their choosing. Parity Technologies also offered a KSM "frictional faucet" (i.e., one that limits the outputs per account) and issued token grants for those that did not invest in the DOT token sales.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Parity Technologies and the Web3 Foundation also reserved <a class="MuiTypography-root MuiLink-root MuiLink-underlineHover MuiTypography-colorPrimary" href="https://polkadot.network/kusama-network-the-canary-network/" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">1% of the initial DOT supply</a> (100,000 tokens) to Kusama stakeholders and its community. This reward serves to incentivize token sale investors and those new to Polkadot to participate within its sister network. Neither company has announced how they plan to distribute these DOT rewards.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="MuiBox-root jss11687"><strong>Consensus Mechanism</strong></h2>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11688"><strong>Key Info</strong>
<div class="jss11742">General Consensus: Proof-of-Stake. Mining Algorithm: n/a</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11747"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss11395 MuiDivider-light jss11396" /></div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11748 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Kusama uses Nominated Proof-of-Stake (NPoS), comprising the roles of validators and nominators to maximize chain security. Validators take the role of both validating blocks and guaranteeing the finality of the chain, while nominators can help choose the set of validators by indicating their support weighted by KSM.</p>
</div>
</div>
<p>&nbsp;</p>

<p>There are <a class="css-4rbku5 css-18t94o4 css-901oao r-1nao33i r-1loqt21 r-37j5jr r-a023e6 r-16dba41 r-rjixqe r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0" dir="auto" role="link" href="https://twitter.com/kusamanetwork/followers"><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1nao33i r-poiln3 r-1b43r93 r-b88u0q r-1cwl3u0 r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0"><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-poiln3 r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0">248.7K</span></span> <span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-1bwzh9t r-poiln3 r-1b43r93 r-1cwl3u0 r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0"><span class="css-901oao css-16my406 r-poiln3 r-bcqeeo r-qvutc0">Followers</span></span></a> on Twitter</p>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1656924932832.image" /></p>
<h2><strong>Backers</strong></h2>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1657525428969.image" /></p>

Community and Backer

<div class="sc-16r8icm-0 kjciSH contentClosed hasShadow">
 <div>
  <div>
   <div class="sc-2qtjgt-0 eApVPN">
    <div>
     <h2 id="what-is-kusama-ksm">
      What Is Kusama (KSM)?
     </h2>
     <p>
      Self-described as "Polkadot's wild cousin," Kusama is an experimental
      <a href="#">
       blockchain
      </a>
      platform that is designed to provide a massively
      <a href="#">
       interoperable
      </a>
      and scalable framework for developers.
     </p>
     <p>
      Kusama is built on Substrate — a blockchain building kit developed by Parity Technologies. Kusama has almost the same codebase as Polkadot — one of the most successful interoperable blockchains.
     </p>
     <p>
      By deploying on Kusama, fast-paced projects gain access to a highly scalable, interoperable sharded network, with features that are not yet available on Polkadot. To that end, Kusama describes itself as a “canary network.”
     </p>
     <p>
      The platform is designed to provide a testbed for developers looking to innovate and deploy their own blockchain and can be used as a preparatory network before launching on Polkadot — though many projects opt to stick with Kusama for their final product.
     </p>
     <p>
      Kusama benefits from a low barrier to entry for deploying parachains, low bond requirements for validators, and is most commonly used by early-stage startups and for experimentation.
     </p>
     <h3 id="who-are-the-founders-of-kusama">
      Who Are the Founders of Kusama?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama was built by the same team that created Polkadot, a company known as Parity Technologies. Its founder is Dr. Gavin Wood, a world-renowned computer scientist and programmer, who also co-founded Ethereum.
     </p>
     <p>
      Parity Technologies has an extensive team comprised of some of the world's most successful blockchain engineers, and has over 100 employees in total spread throughout the world.
     </p>
     <p>
      In addition, Kusama is funded by grants from the Web3 Foundation, which was launched to help "nurture and steward technologies and applications in the fields of decentralised web software protocols." The Web3 foundation also supports Kusama with research and community development thanks to its growth team.
     </p>
     <h4 id="what-makes-kusama-unique">
      What Makes Kusama Unique?
     </h4>
     <p>
      Kusama is unusual among blockchain platforms since it is predominantly built for developers that want to launch bold, ambitious projects, with a fast-evolving pace of development.
     </p>
     <p>
      It is built on a multichain, heterogeneously-sharded design that uses a nominated proof-of-stake (NPoS) consensus system — an alternative
      <a href="#">
       consensus
      </a>
      mechanism to the energy intensive
      <a href="#">
       proof-of-work
      </a>
      (POW) scheme employed by several other blockchains.
     </p>
     <p>
      This system enables it to perform rapid on-chain upgrades without a fork, and support cross-chain message passing (XCMP) to enable communication with other parachains on the Kusama network.
     </p>
     <p>
      Like Polkadot, Kusama features on-chain governance capabilities. This on-chain governance is both decentralized and permission-less, allowing anybody with Kusama (KSM) tokens or parachain tokens to vote on their respective governance proposals, which might include putative upgrades, changes to the protocol, and feature requests. This on-chain governance procedure is roughly four times faster than that offered by Polkadot, with a combined voting and enactment period of just 15 days — leading to the rapid pace of development for projects built on Kusama.
     </p>
     <p>
      The project serves projects that want to hit the ground running, launching updates and improvements without the need to implement a fork to do so — thereby ensuring maximum community cohesion.
     </p>
     <h4 id="related-pages">
      <strong>
       Related Pages
      </strong>
      :
     </h4>
     <p>
      Read more about
      <a href="#">
       Polkadot (DOT)
      </a>
      — which is like Kusama (KSM), but enterprise-focused.
     </p>
     <p>
      Check out
      <a href="#">
       Ethereum (ETH)
      </a>
      — one of Kusama’s major competitors.
     </p>
     <p>
      Brush up on your crypto basics with
      <a href="#">
       CoinMarketCap Alexandria
      </a>
      <sup>
       .
      </sup>
     </p>
     <p>
      Visit the
      <a href="#">
       CoinMarketCap blog
      </a>
      for the latest news, tips, tricks and market insights.
     </p>
     <h4 id="how-many-kusama-ksm-coins-are-there-in-circulation">
      How Many Kusama (KSM) Coins Are There in Circulation?
     </h4>
     <p>
      As of November 2020, Kusama has a circulating supply of 8.47 million tokens, and a total supply of 10 million tokens. Unlike some other blockchains, this maximum supply is not fixed. Instead, it increases at an inflation rate of 10% per year.
     </p>
     <p>
      The proportion of KSM that are
      <a href="#">
       staked
      </a>
      changes how the newly minted KSM tokens (from inflation) are distributed. If exactly half of all KSM are staked, then Kusama validators receive 100% of newly minted tokens, whereas if it is above or below 50%, then some of the inflation rewards will go to the Kusama Treasury.
     </p>
     <p>
      Kusama initially launched as an airdrop to those that participated in Polkadot (DOT) token sale. These were distributed at a 1:1 rate, while those without DOT were able to obtain KSM by using a frictional faucet — this has since been decommissioned. Unlike Polkadot, Kusama has not undergone redenomination to increase its circulating supply.
     </p>
     <h3 id="how-is-the-kusama-network-secured">
      How Is the Kusama Network Secured?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama is built using a nominated proof-of-stake (NPoS) consensus mechanism.
     </p>
     <p>
      This uses a network of nominators (KSM stakers) who elect nodes to participate in the transaction validation process. These nominators receive a fraction of the inflation reward if their nominator is selected on the next rotation. Validators that act dishonestly or don't meet performance requirements can have their stake slashed.
     </p>
     <p>
      Additionally, Kusama uses a simple queuing mechanism based on Merkle trees to resolve cross-chain transactions. Relay chain validators are responsible for moving transactions from the output queue of one parachain to the input queue of the target parachain — this is a secure, trustless process that uses the same validators on each chain to pass the messages.
     </p>
     <h3 id="where-can-you-buy-kusama-ksm">
      Where Can You Buy Kusama (KSM)?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama (KSM) is currently available to trade on dozens of popular exchange platforms, including
      <a href="#">
       Binance
      </a>
      ,
      <a href="#">
       OKEx
      </a>
      and
      <a href="#">
       Huobi Global
      </a>
      . The most liquid trade pairs for KSM are currently KSM/USDT, KSM/BTC and KSM/ETH.
     </p>
     <p>
      To learn more about buying cryptocurrencies with fiat, see our
      <a href="#">
       comprehensive guide
      </a>
      .
     </p>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
  <div class="sc-101ku0o-2 exKUGw">
   <p>
    Our most recent articles about
    
    Kusama
    
    :
   </p>
   <ul>
    <li>
     <a href="#">
      What are Parachain Slot Auctions and Crowdloans?
     </a>
    </li>
    <li>
     <a href="#">
      CoinMarketCap Launches Parachain Auctions Tracker
     </a>
    </li>
   </ul>
  </div>
 </div>
</div>

<p>Kusama, a canary network of Polkadot, was born in July 2019 as another Relay chain and will serve as a proving ground, allowing teams and developers to build and deploy a parachain or try out Polkadot&rsquo;s functionality in a real environment.&nbsp;</p>

<div class="sc-16r8icm-0 kjciSH contentClosed hasShadow">
 <div>
  <div>
   <div class="sc-2qtjgt-0 eApVPN">
    <div>
     <h2 id="kusama-ksm-la-gi">
      Kusama (KSM) là gì?
     </h2>
     <p>
      Tự đánh giá là "người anh em họ hoang dã của Polkadot", Kusama là một nền tảng
      <a href="#">
       blockchain
      </a>
      thử nghiệm được thiết kế để cung cấp một
      <a href="#">
       khuông khổ
      </a>
      tương tác lớn và có thể mở rộng cho các nhà phát triển.
     </p>
     <p>
      Kusama được xây dựng trên Substrate — một bộ công cụ xây dựng blockchain được phát triển bởi Parity Technologies. Kusama có cơ sở mã nguồn gần như giống với Polkadot — một trong những blockchain có cơ chế tương tác thành công nhất.
     </p>
     <p>
      Với việc triển khai trên Kusama, các dự án tốc độ nhanh có quyền truy cập vào mạng phân đoạn có khả năng mở rộng cao, có thể tương tác với các tính năng chưa có trên Polkadot. Vì vậy, Kusama tự mô tả mình như một "mạng lưới chim hoàng yến" (canary network).
     </p>
     <p>
      Nền tảng được thiết kế để cung cấp nền tảng thử nghiệm cho các nhà phát triển muốn đổi mới và triển khai blockchain của riêng họ và có thể được sử dụng như một mạng chuẩn bị trước khi khởi chạy trên Polkadot — nhiều dự án chọn gắn bó với Kusama cho sản phẩm cuối cùng của họ.
     </p>
     <p>
      Kusama được hưởng lợi từ rào cản gia nhập thấp để triển khai parachains, yêu cầu trái phiếu thấp đối với người xác nhận và được sử dụng phổ biến nhất bởi các công ty khởi nghiệp giai đoạn đầu và để thử nghiệm.
     </p>
     <h3 id="ai-la-ngi-sang-lp-kusama">
      Ai là người sáng lập Kusama?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama được xây dựng bởi cùng một nhóm đã tạo ra Polkadot, một công ty được gọi là Parity Technologies. Người sáng lập của nó là Tiến sĩ Gavin Wood, một nhà khoa học máy tính và lập trình viên nổi tiếng thế giới, ông cũng là người đồng sáng lập ra Ethereum.
     </p>
     <p>
      Parity Technologies có một đội ngũ mạnh mẽ bao gồm một số kỹ sư blockchain thành công nhất thế giới và có tổng cộng hơn 100 nhân viên trải khắp thế giới.
     </p>
     <p>
      Ngoài ra, Kusama được tài trợ bởi các khoản tài trợ từ Quỹ Web3, được thành lập để giúp "nuôi dưỡng và quản lý các công nghệ và ứng dụng trong các lĩnh vực giao thức phần mềm web phi tập trung." Quỹ Web3 cũng hỗ trợ Kusama nghiên cứu và phát triển cộng đồng nhờ vào đội ngũ phát triển của mình.
     </p>
     <h3 id="iu-gi-lam-cho-kusama-tr-nen-c-ao">
      Điều gì làm cho Kusama trở nên độc đáo?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama là khác thường trong số các nền tảng blockchain vì nó chủ yếu được xây dựng cho các nhà phát triển muốn khởi chạy các dự án táo bạo, đầy tham vọng, với tốc độ phát triển nhanh chóng.
     </p>
     <p>
      Nó được xây dựng trên một thiết kế đa phân đoạn, không đồng nhất, sử dụng hệ thống đồng thuận bằng chứng cổ phần (NPoS) — một
      <a href="#">
       cơ chế đồng thuận
      </a>
      thay thế cho cơ chế
      <a href="#">
       bằng chứng công việc
      </a>
      (POW) vốn là cơ chế tiêu tốn nhiều năng lượng được sử dụng bởi một số blockchain khác.
     </p>
     <p>
      Hệ thống này cho phép nó thực hiện nâng cấp trên chuỗi nhanh chóng mà không cần fork và hỗ trợ truyền thông điệp chuỗi chéo (XCMP) để cho phép giao tiếp với các parachains khác trên mạng Kusama.
     </p>
     <p>
      Giống như Polkadot, Kusama có khả năng quản trị trên chuỗi. Quản trị trên chuỗi này vừa phi tập trung vừa không tập quyền, cho phép bất kỳ ai có token Kusama (KSM) hoặc token parachain bỏ phiếu cho các đề xuất quản trị tương ứng của họ, có thể bao gồm các nâng cấp giả định, thay đổi giao thức và yêu cầu tính năng. Quy trình quản trị trên chuỗi này nhanh hơn khoảng 4 lần so với quy trình Polkadot đưa ra, với thời gian bỏ phiếu và ban hành kết hợp chỉ 15 ngày — dẫn đến tốc độ phát triển nhanh chóng cho các dự án được xây dựng trên Kusama.
     </p>
     <p>
      Dự án phục vụ các dự án muốn bắt đầu chạy, tung ra các bản cập nhật và cải tiến mà không cần thực hiện fork — do đó đảm bảo sự gắn kết cộng đồng tối đa.
     </p>
     <h4 id="trang-lien-quan">
      Trang liên quan:
     </h4>
     <p>
      Tìm hiểu thêm về
      <a href="#">
       Polkadot (DOT)
      </a>
      — giống như Kusama (KSM), nhưng tập trung vào doanh nghiệp.
     </p>
     <p>
      Xem thêm về
      <a href="#">
       Ethereum (ETH)
      </a>
      — một trong những đối thủ cạnh tranh chính của Kusama.
     </p>
     <p>
      Học thêm kiến thức cơ bản về tiền điện tử với
      <a href="#">
       CoinMarketCap Alexandria
      </a>
      ..
     </p>
     <p>
      Truy cập
      <a href="#">
       CoinMarketCap blog
      </a>
      để biết tin tức mới nhất, mẹo, thủ thuật và thông tin chi tiết về thị trường.
     </p>
     <h3 id="co-bao-nhieu-ng-kusama-ksm-ang-c-lu-hanh">
      Có bao nhiêu đồng Kusama (KSM) đang được lưu hành?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Tính đến tháng 11 năm 2020, Kusama có nguồn cung lưu hành là 8,47 triệu token và tổng nguồn cung cấp là 10 triệu token. Không giống như một số blockchain khác, nguồn cung tối đa này không cố định. Thay vào đó, nó tăng với tỷ lệ lạm phát 10% mỗi năm.
     </p>
     <p>
      Tỷ lệ KSM được
      <a href="#">
       đặt cọc
      </a>
      thay đổi cách phân phối các token KSM mới được đúc (do lạm phát). Nếu chính xác một nửa số KSM được đặt cọc, thì người xác thực Kusama sẽ nhận được 100% token mới được đúc, trong khi nếu nó cao hơn hoặc dưới 50%, thì một số phần thưởng lạm phát sẽ được chuyển đến Kho bạc Kusama.
     </p>
     <p>
      Kusama ban đầu ra mắt dưới dạng airdrop cho những người tham gia đợt bán token Polkadot (DOT). Chúng được phân phối với tỷ lệ 1: 1, trong khi những người không có DOT có thể có được KSM bằng cách sử dụng vòi ma sát — vòi này đã ngừng hoạt động. Không giống như Polkadot, Kusama không trải qua quá trình tái định nghĩa để tăng nguồn cung lưu hành.
     </p>
     <h3 id="mng-kusama-c-bo-mt-nh-th-nao">
      Mạng Kusama được bảo mật như thế nào?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama được xây dựng bằng cách sử dụng cơ chế đồng thuận đề cử bằng chứng cổ phần (NPoS).
     </p>
     <p>
      Điều này sử dụng một mạng lưới những người đề cử (KSM stakers), những người chọn các nút để tham gia vào quá trình xác thực giao dịch. Những người được đề cử này nhận được một phần nhỏ của phần thưởng lạm phát nếu người được đề cử của họ được chọn trong vòng quay tiếp theo. Người xác thực hành động không trung thực hoặc không đáp ứng các yêu cầu về hiệu suất có thể bị cắt cổ phần.
     </p>
     <p>
      Ngoài ra, Kusama sử dụng cơ chế xếp hàng đơn giản dựa trên cây Merkle để giải quyết các giao dịch xuyên chuỗi. Trình xác thực chuỗi chuyển tiếp chịu trách nhiệm chuyển các giao dịch từ hàng đợi đầu ra của một parachain sang hàng đợi đầu vào của parachain đích — đây là một quy trình an toàn, tin cậy để sử dụng cùng một trình xác thực trên mỗi chuỗi để chuyển các thông báo.
     </p>
     <h3 id="bn-co-th-mua-kusama-ksm--au">
      Bạn có thể mua Kusama (KSM) ở đâu?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Kusama (KSM) hiện có thể được giao dịch trên hàng chục sàn giao dịch phổ biến, bao gồm
      <a href="#">
       Binance
      </a>
      ,
      <a href="#">
       OKEx
      </a>
      and
      <a href="#">
       Huobi Global
      </a>
      . Các cặp giao dịch thanh khoản nhất cho KSM hiện là KSM/USDT, KSM/BTC and KSM/ETH.
     </p>
     <p>
      Để tìm hiểu thêm về cách mua tiền điện tử bằng tiền pháp định, hãy xem
      <a href="#">
       hướng dẫn toàn diện
      </a>
      .
     </p>
     <ul>
      <li>
       <a href="#">
        Vòi tiền điện tử là gì?
       </a>
      </li>
      <li>
       <a href="#">
        Thẻ ghi nợ tiền điện tử là gì?
       </a>
      </li>
      <li>
       <a href="#">
        Web 3.0 là gì?
       </a>
      </li>
      <li>
       <a href="#">
        Yield Farming là gì?
       </a>
      </li>
      <li>
       <a href="#">
        Cho vay tiền điện tử là gì?
 

<h2 class="MuiBox-root jss11687"><strong>Overview &amp; History</strong></h2>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11688">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11692 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Kusama is an early, experimental version of Polkadot that exists as an independent network. It intends to act as a sandbox for developers, allowing teams to deploy and test pre-release versions of their projects before launching them on Polkadot's mainnet. Kusama will also serve as a testbed for Parity Technologies leading up to the mainnet launch of Polkadot. Like its sister chain, Kusama uses a native token, KSM, to power computation and give holders the ability to participate in securing the network and voting on upgrade proposals.</p>
</div>
</div>
<h2 class="MuiBox-root jss11687"><strong>Roadmap</strong></h2>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11688">
<div class="jss11712">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11713">
<h3 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h4">Kusama Chain Candidate 1 (CC1)</h3>
</div>
<div class="jss11716">Date: August 2019. Type: Network Launch</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11718">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11719 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Kusama is an early, unaudited and unrefined release of Polkadot. It is a separate chain acting as a "canary" network for Polkadot to test out the governance, staking, and sharding, as well as allowing teams and developers to build and deploy a Parachain, under real economic conditions</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11720"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss11395" /></div>
</div>
<div class="jss11712">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11721">
<h3 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h4">Kusama Chain Candidate 2 (CC2)</h3>
</div>
<div class="jss11716">Date: September 2019. Type: Software Release</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11722">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11723 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">This upgrade technically created a new chain (compared to CC1) and included several key fixes. All CC1 transactions were included in the CC2 chain, so user accounts were unchanged.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11724"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss11395" /></div>
</div>
<div class="jss11712">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11725">
<h3 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h4">Kusama Chain Candidate 2 (CC2): PrePoS</h3>
</div>
<div class="jss11716">Date: October 2019. Type: Software Release</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11726">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11727 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">CC2 went through a runtime upgrade to prepare the network for a switch to a Nominated Proof-of-Stake system, replacing its Proof-of-Authority predecessor. Nominated PoS later became a reality with the release of Polkadot v0.6.17. This version also introduced the Council elections module, which allowed participants to elect other stakeholders to the Kusama Council (the network&rsquo;s on-chain governance system). Another release, v0.6.18, upgraded GRANDPA to version 0.10.0 and included other new features.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11728"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss11395" /></div>
</div>
<div class="jss11712">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11729">
<h3 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h4">Kusama Chain Candidate 3 (CC3)</h3>
</div>
<div class="jss11716">Date: November 2019. Type: Software Release</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11730">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11731 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">On a granular level, it incorporates on-chain authority discovery, a move to prefixed storage mappings, and a revamp of the network&rsquo;s governance system.</p>
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">Kusama's new decentralized, on-chain governance system eventually passed Referendum 4, which removed Sudo requirements and unlocked KSM token transfers.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11732"><hr class="MuiDivider-root jss11395" /></div>
</div>
<div class="jss11712">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11733">
<h3 class="MuiTypography-root MuiTypography-h4">Failed Runtime Upgrade</h3>
</div>
<div class="jss11716">Date: January 2020 Type: Vulnerability</div>
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11734">
<div class="MuiBox-root jss11735 jss11691">
<p class="MuiTypography-root jss11690 MuiTypography-body2 MuiTypography-paragraph">As Kusama attempted a runtime upgrade to version 1034, a naming issue bricked the chain. The Polkadot team responded by issuing a series of updates to revert the chain, reject the faulty upgrade, and subsequently speed the chain back up (a so-called "time warp"), so Kusama would not live in the past. The canary network returned to a normal, non-warp speed state on Jan. 12, eight days after the failed runtime upgrade.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<p>Read more: <a href="https://coincu.com/currencies/ksm-kusama/stories/">CLICK HERE</a></p>

Phala Network (PHA) is a cryptocurrency . Phala Network has a current supply of 1,000,000,000 with 272,000,000 in circulation. The last known price of Phala Network is 0.2394391 USD and is down -0.04 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 50 active market(s) with $7,657,054.65 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at https://phala.network/.

Phala Network

<h2><strong>Key metrics</strong></h2>
<ul>
<li>Token Name: PHA token</li>
<li>Ticker: PHA</li>
<li>Blockchain: Ethereum, Phala chain, Khala Chain.</li>
<li>Token Standard: ERC-20, native token tr&ecirc;n Phala chain, native token tr&ecirc;n Khala Chain</li>
<li>Contract: 0x6c5ba91642f10282b576d91922ae6448c9d52f4e (ERC20)</li>
<li>Token type: Governance &amp; Utility</li>
<li>Total Supply: 1,000,000,000 PHA</li>
<li>Circulating Supply: 181,834,380 PHA (29/11/2021)</li>
</ul>
<h2><strong>Token allocation</strong></h2>
<p><strong><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658895794033.image" /></strong></p>
<h2 id="section-6">Token Release Schedule</h2>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658895798499.image" /></p>
<h2><strong>Token use case</strong></h2>
<p>Phala (PHA) has the following main use cases:</p>
<ul>
<li>Fees: used as fees for transactions and exchange of network resources. In detail, the PHA will be used as TCPU (reliability computation unit), for on-chain computation, resource storage (both on-chain and off-chain) and a few other tasks.</li>
<li>Governance: To participate in the administration of Phala Network.</li>
</ul>

<div class="sc-16r8icm-0 kjciSH contentClosed hasShadow">
 <div>
  <div>
   <div class="sc-2qtjgt-0 eApVPN">
    <div>
     <h2 id="what-is-phala-network">
      What Is Phala Network?
     </h2>
     <p>
      Phala Network is a privacy-preserving cloud computing service, which offers computing power comparable to existing cloud services and protects the privacy of managed programs. Based on TEE-Blockchain Hybrid Architecture, developers can deploy confidential smart contracts running inside the TEE Enclaves in the CPU.
     </p>
     <p>
      Phala is also based on Substrate, and will run as a parachain of Polkadot ecosystem.
     </p>
     <h2 id="pha-is-the-native-utility-token-that-is-used-for">
      PHA is the native utility token that is used for:
     </h2>
     <ul>
      <li>
       Trusted Computing Resources: Purchase trusted computing resources in the network and the data exchanges (e.g. trusted computing power, on-chain computing and storage resources, and off-chain storage) using PHA tokens.
      </li>
      <li>
       Data Exchange Fee: Phala provides a contract-based data exchange infrastructure for standardized data collection, analysis, and trading protocols. With Phala’s protocol, a confidential but trusted exchange ecosystem is built for both buyers and sellers.
      </li>
      <li>
       Security Guarantee: Gatekeepers must stake a certain amount of PHA tokens, which may be slashed for misbehavior.
      </li>
      <li>
       Governance: Stakeholders who own a certain amount of PHA are able to join the Phala DAO to participate in community governance.
      </li>
     </ul>
     <h2 id="phala-products-include">
      Phala products include:
     </h2>
     <ul>
      <li>
       Bridges between blockchains and Polkadot, e.g. pDiem, pBTC, pETH, pBTG
      </li>
      <li>
       <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
        W3A（Web3 Analytics）
       </a>
      </li>
      <li>
       <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
        Dark Wallet
       </a>
       *Darkpool
      </li>
     </ul>
     <h2 id="how-many-pha-coins-are-there-in-circulation">
      How Many PHA Coins Are There in Circulation?
     </h2>
     <p>
      There is a maximum supply of 10 billion PHA, and as of February 26, 14.7% of it in circulation.
     </p>
     <h3 id="who-are-the-founders-of-phala-network">
      Who Are the Founders of Phala Network?
     </h3>
     <ul>
      <li>
       <p>
        Hang Yin: Founder and Lead Developer of Bitcoin Gold. Senior Developer of Google. 10 years of coding experience.【
        <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
         Linkedn
        </a>
        】【
        <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
         Github
        </a>
        】
       </p>
      </li>
      <li>
       <p>
        Marvin Tong: Senior Product Manager with 3 years experience. Worked in Tencent and Didi which are both the biggest Internet companies in China. Good at Product Design and Business Development. 【
        <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
         Linkedn
        </a>
        】
       </p>
      </li>
      <li>
       <p>
        Zhe Wang: Hardware Engineer. A core member of Bitcoin Gold in China. 【
        <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
         Linkedn
        </a>
        】
       </p>
      </li>
      <li>
       <p>
        Jun Jiang: CTO of KnewOne and Senior Software Architect in Dji. The lead of the RubyChina community. 【
        <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
         Github
        </a>
        】
       </p>
      </li>
      <li>
       <p>
        Shunfan Zhou: Blockchain Security Research Scientist. Ph.D. candidate in Fudan University. 【
        <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
         Github
        </a>
        】
       </p>
      </li>
     </ul>
     <h3 id="where-can-i-buy-phala-pha">
      Where Can I Buy Phala (PHA)?
     </h3>
     <p>
      As one of the most potential Polkadot ecosystem projects in terms of privacy, PHA is available on some top-ranked exchanges including
      <a href="#">
       Binance
      </a>
      ,
      <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
       Huobi Global
      </a>
      ,
      <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
       Okex
      </a>
      , Kucoin,
      <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
       Uniswap
      </a>
      and 1inch. For the full list, check out
      <a href="#">
       here
      </a>
      .
     </p>
     <h3 id="what-makes-phala-unique">
      What Makes Phala Unique?
     </h3>
     <p>
      Phala Network tackles the issue of trust in the computation cloud.
     </p>
     <ul>
      <li>
       This blockchain is a trustless computation platform that enables massive cloud processing without sacrificing data confidentiality. Built around TEE-based privacy technology already embedded into modern processors, Phala Network's distributed computing cloud is versatile and confidential. By separating the consensus mechanism from computation, Phala ensures processing power is highly scalable. Together, this creates the infrastructure for a powerful, secure, and scalable trustless computing cloud.
      </li>
      <li>
       As a member parachain of the Polkadot cross-chain ecosystem, Phala will be able to provide computing power to other blockchain applications while protecting the data layer, enabling possibilities like privacy-protected DeFi trading positions and transaction history, co-computing DID confidential data, developing light-node cross-chain bridges, and more.
      </li>
      <li>
       On-chain services currently being developed on Phala Network include Web3 Analytics: high-performance smart contracts from Phala enable highly concurrent mass data analytics with privacy, paving the way for an alternative to Google Analytics that inherently respects individual confidentiality.
      </li>
     </ul>
     <h4 id="related-pages">
      Related Pages:
     </h4>
     <p>
      <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
       Phala: Transparent and Private Global Computation Cloud.
      </a>
     </p>
     <p>
      <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
       Should We Kick Hardware out of Blockchain?
      </a>
     </p>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
 </div>
</div>

<h1>Team</h1>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658896774077.image" /></p>
<h1 id="partners"><strong>Partners</strong></h1>
<p><strong><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658896780846.image" /></strong></p>

Team and Backers

<p>Phala Network is one of the first projects to provide a distributed cloud computing service that helps users secure important information and data. In addition, the project is in the process of implementing Parachain auction on Polkadot. In addition, Phala Network also owns a team that has worked at famous Internet companies such as Google, Tencent.</p>

<p>Blockchain is a kind of distributed ledger that records transactions that cannot be erased. The execution of this transaction is verified by any user participating in the Blockchain. This makes the data no longer safe in terms of security, information is easily leaked to the outside. In the face of these inadequacies, the Phala Network (PHA) project was born, providing a powerful security solution without sacrificing interoperability between contracts.</p>
<h1>What is Phala Network?</h1>
<p>Phala Network is a smart contract platform built on Polkadot's Substrate. In addition, Phala Network also provides distributed cloud computing services using secure technology based on TEE (Trusted execution environment). With this technology, the important data of users or businesses will be stored securely on Phala Network.</p>
<h1>Outstanding features</h1>
<h2>What is the project trying to achieve?</h2>
<p>Phala Network uses a consensus mechanism called NPoS (Nominated-proof-of-stake) to make the network more stable and has 3 important components as follows:</p>
<ul>
<li>Phala Network Blockchain is the main component of Phala Network's system. This is where the important data of the nodes are stored, transaction processing requests from users, etc. When becoming a Parachain on Polkadot, it has the ability to interact with other blockchains through Polkadot's Relay Chain.</li>
<li>Gatekeeper is responsible for managing and arranging information and data in a certain order to ensure the stability of the network. To become a Gatekeeper, users must stake a large amount of PHA on Phala Network's system.</li>
<li>Miners are people who execute smart contracts, confirm transactions, and record it on the blockchain. To become a Miner, users only need to stake a small amount of PHA on Phala Network's system.</li>
</ul>
<h2><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658918376697.image" /></h2>
<h2>What is unique selling point?</h2>
<h3>Some outstanding features of Phala Network</h3>
<p>Isolated, Trustless &amp; Decentralized: Phala Network stores and processes important user data in a private, independent space, and the network only exports this data with the user's permission.</p>
<p>Compatible: Phala Network's smart contracts are compatible with many standards including Intel SGX and AMD SEV&hellip;</p>
<p>Absolute data security: Phala Network combines TEE and blockchain security technology to form a distributed cloud with the goal of securely storing user data. Phala Network uses the NPoS (Nominated-proof-of-stake) consensus algorithm to make the platform's system more stable, safe and secure.</p>
<h3>Some main products of Phala Network</h3>
<p>Phala Network develops 3 main products which are pLIBRA, Web3 Analytics (W3A) and Phala Dark Wallet.</p>
<p>pLIBRA: This product will create a bridge between Polkadot and Libra (a digital asset built on Facebook's blockchain technology). This makes it easier for Polkadot's decentralized financial applications to interact with Libra.</p>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658918469327.image" /></p>
<p>Web3 Analytics: Phala Network is currently developing an On-chain data analysis tool, Web3 Analytics, similar to the Google Analytics tool. This tool will analyze users' information and data without infringing on their personal privacy.</p>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658918477076.image" /></p>
<p>Phala Dark Wallet: This product of Phala Network is similar to current cryptocurrency storage wallets. Phala Dark Wallet will support storing, sending and receiving ERC-20 cryptocurrencies.</p>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1658918612489.image" /></p>
<p>Read Full Article:&nbsp;<a href="https://coincu.com/currencies/pha-phala-network/stories/">CLICK HERE</a></p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>

Edgeless (EDG) is a cryptocurrency and operates on the Ethereum platform. Edgeless has a current supply of 132,046,997 with 122,146,967 in circulation. The last known price of Edgeless is 0.03045039 USD and is up 5.95 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 3 active market(s) with $86.13 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at https://edgeless.io/.

Edgeless

<div>
 <p>
 </p>
 <div>
  <div class="sc-2qtjgt-0 eApVPN">
   <span>
    Edgeless (EDG) is a cryptocurrency and operates on the Ethereum platform. Edgeless has a current supply of 132,046,997 with 122,146,967 in circulation. The last known price of Edgeless is 0.03097444 USD and is up 29.34 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 3 active market(s) with $844.00 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at
    <a href="#" rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank">
     https://edgeless.io/
    </a>
    .
   </span>
  </div>
 </div>
</div>

Edgeware (EDG) is a cryptocurrency launched in 2020. Edgeware has a current supply of 6,712,135,069 with 6,024,211,867 in circulation. The last known price of Edgeware is 0.00393484 USD and is up 2.56 over the last 24 hours. It is currently trading on 11 active market(s) with $1,018,898.97 traded over the last 24 hours. More information can be found at https://edgewa.re.

Edgeware

<h2>Token Metrics</h2>
<p><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">Token Name: Edgeware<br />Ticker: EDG<br />Blockchain: Updating...<br />Token Standard: Updating...<br />Contract: Updating...<br />Token type: Utility, Governance<br />Total Supply: 6,979,170,652<br />Circulating Supply: 6.35B</span></p>
<h2><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">Token Allocation</span></h2>
<p><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}"><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1660232392894.image" /></span></p>
<h2><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">Token Schedule <br /></span></h2>
<p><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">-Lockdrop: individuals who participate in locking their ETH for 3, 6, 12 months get 100% EDG tokens after the mainnet project. Individuals who only join &ldquo;Signal&rdquo; (unlocked) only receive 25% of EDG after mainnet, the remaining 75% will be received after mainnet 1 year. <br />-Commonwealth Labs: no unlock schedule <br />-Parity Technologies: no unlock schedule</span></p>
<h2><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">Token use case</span></h2>
<p><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Token Name: Edgeware\nTicker: EDG\nBlockchain: Updating...\nToken Standard: Updating...\nContract: Updating...\nToken type: Utility, Governance\nTotal Supply: 6,979,170,652\nCirculating Supply: 6.35B&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">-Governance: Users use EDG to vote to participate in the management of project activities. <br />-Staking: Users participating in staking by staking EDG participate in confirming transactions on the network and will receive rewards from the project. <br />-Payment: EDG will be a means of payment in future applications such as: DAOs, dApps (including DeFi), ... <br />-Voting power: Token holders can use tokens to vote for decisions in the network. <br />-Gas: EDG is used to pay transaction fees and contract rents. <br />-Funding development: Part of the EDG token is aggregated into the project's native treasury.</span></p>

Techinical Data

<div class="sc-16r8icm-0 kjciSH contentClosed hasShadow">
 <div>
  <div>
   <div class="sc-2qtjgt-0 eApVPN">
    <div>
     <p>
      Mainnet launch on 02/17/20, by Commonwealth Labs, based in the United States, Edgeware aims to provide a smart contract platform designated the first on Polkadot Network.
     </p>
     <p>
      To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of
      <a href="#">
       Edgeware
      </a>
      .
     </p>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
  <div class="sc-101ku0o-2 exKUGw">
   <p>
    Our most recent articles about
    
    Edgeware
    
    :
   </p>
   <ul>
    <li>
     <a href="#">
      What Is Edgeware?
     </a>
    </li>
   </ul>
  </div>
 </div>
</div>

<p><span data-sheets-value="{&quot;1&quot;:2,&quot;2&quot;:&quot;Edgeware shows great potential in the future. Above is the latest information about Edgeware, the project is still in the process of completing the puzzle pieces, Coincu will update in the article to everyone as soon as possible.&quot;}" data-sheets-userformat="{&quot;2&quot;:513,&quot;3&quot;:{&quot;1&quot;:0},&quot;12&quot;:0}">Edgeware shows great potential in the future. Above is the latest information about Edgeware, the project is still in the process of completing the puzzle pieces, Coincu will update in the article to everyone as soon as possible.</span></p>

<h2>Team</h2>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1660232472812.image" /></p>
<h2>Backer</h2>
<p><img src="https://imagesofcmsprod.s3.ap-southeast-1.amazonaws.com/image1660232494411.image" /></p>

Team & Backer

<div class="sc-16r8icm-0 kjciSH contentClosed hasShadow">
 <div>
  <div>
   <div class="sc-2qtjgt-0 eApVPN">
    <div>
     <p>
      Mainnet launch on 02/17/20, by Commonwealth Labs, based in the United States, Edgeware aims to provide a smart contract platform designated the first on Polkadot Network.
     </p>
     <p>
      To learn more about this project, check out our deep dive of
      <a href="#">
       Edgeware
      </a>
      .
     </p>
    </div>
   </div>
  </div>
 </div>
</div>

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