Vitalik Buterin Backs Kakarot zkEVM: A Ethereum Scaling Solution

Key Points:

• Kakarot zkEVM, a Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) implemented in Cairo, has recently received pre-seed investment from Vitalik Buterin
• Kakarot will exist as an EVM within Starknet L2, allowing developers to deploy their Solidity contracts directly on Starknet using their favorite toolchain like Foundry or Hardhat.

Kakarot zkEVM, an Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) implemented in Cairo, has recently received pre-seed investment from Vitalik Buterin and several co-founders of StarkWare.

Leveraging STARK proofs for provable transactions and blocks, Kakarot zkEVM ensures transparency and security. It can inherit security from Ethereum L1 thanks to validity proofs while enabling lower costs.

According to Johann, a core Kakarot dev, “with trustless compute, you shift what’s possible without losing the plot of decentralization.”

Kakarot will exist as an EVM within Starknet L2 in Phase 1, allowing developers to deploy their Solidity contracts directly on Starknet using their favorite toolchain like Foundry or Hardhat. End-users can enjoy their usual experience (e.g. with Metamask).

As reported by the Kakarot team, the aim of Phase 1 is to bring the EVM to Starknet, allowing developers to build and deploy EVM apps seamlessly. It opens doors to a whole new range of possibilities and expands the Starknet ecosystem.

In Phase 2, Kakarot and Madara Starknet sequencers combine forces to create Layer 3 zkEVMs. This integration will enable teams to deploy zkEVM app chains and settle transactions on Starknet using validity proofs. As a result of computing on another layer, gas costs are (asymptotically) exponentially lower than on L2, and performance (TPS) is higher—the scalability of rollups stacks and multiplies.

In Phase 3, Kakarot and Madara can also be combined to enable type 1 zkEVMs. If one can write the Ethereum consensus rules in Cairo inside the Madara x Kakarot full node and switch from Pedersen Merkle Patricia Trie (MPT) to Keccak MPT, type 1 zkEVMs will become possible.

With this partnership, Kakarot zkEVM can offer a secure and scalable solution for developers to deploy EVM apps seamlessly with lower costs. The integration of Kakarot and Madara Starknet sequencers in Phase 2 will create Layer 3 zkEVMs, which can settle transactions on Starknet using validity proofs. Additionally, in Phase 3, type 1 zkEVMs may become possible with the combination of Kakarot and Madara.

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